To express that an event happened in the past, verbs that end in '_하다' become'-했-' and '아/오' verbs become '-았-'. All other verbs become '-었-'.
When a stem ends in '하-':-였+어요
일하다: 일하+였+어요 - 일했어요.
전화하다; 전화하+였+어요 - 전화했어요.
공부하다: 공부하+였+어요 - 공부했어요
When a stem ends in 'ㅏ,ㅗ': -았+어요
만나다; 만나+았+어요 - 만났어요
가다; 가+았+어요 - 갔어요
앉다; 앉+았+어요 - 앉았어요
Others: -었+어요.
쉬다: 쉬+었+어요 - 쉬었어요.
먹다: 먹+었+어요 - 먹었어요.
입다: 입+었+어요 - 입었어요.
Example
어제 쇼핑했어요 - I went shopping yesterday.
어제 향수를 샀어요 - I bought perfume yesterday
어제 John씨는 집에서 쉬었어요 - John rested at his house yesterday.
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